Sistem Aplikasi SPPD Berbasis Web untuk Optimalisasi Administrasi Perjalanan Dinas di Kantor Kecamatan Lokpaikat

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengatasi permasalahan inefisiensi pengelolaan Surat Perintah Perjalanan Dinas (SPPD) manual di Kantor Kecamatan Lokpaikat yang selama ini menggunakan Microsoft Excel sehingga menimbulkan kesalahan input berulang (15–20%), pemborosan kertas mencapai ±500 lembar per bulan, serta risiko kehilangan data sebesar 12% per tahun akibat overwriting file. Metode pengembangan menggunakan model Waterfall dengan pemodelan UML mencakup use case diagram tiga aktor, activity diagram tujuh proses inti, dan class diagram lima entitas yang dinormalisasi hingga 3NF. Sistem diimplementasikan menggunakan framework CodeIgniter (arsitektur MVC), MySQL, dan XAMPP, sementara data dikumpulkan melalui observasi 15 siklus SPPD manual dan wawancara delapan staf. Pengujian black-box mencakup 23 skenario fungsional, meliputi manajemen master data, alur workflow approval (pegawai → camat → admin), serta keluaran otomatis PDF SPT–SPPD. Hasil menunjukkan seluruh skenario berhasil (23/23), dengan peningkatan efisiensi waktu dari 32 menit menjadi 1,8 menit per surat (93,4%) serta penghapusan total kesalahan input dan insiden kehilangan data. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada integrasi role-based workflow dengan auto-populasi nomor surat berbasis rantai persetujuan. Kontribusi praktisnya berupa model digitalisasi SPPD yang dapat diadopsi oleh 127 kecamatan di Kalimantan Selatan dan berpotensi menghemat biaya operasional hingga Rp25 juta per tahun.

Kata Kunci: Sistem SPPD, Administrasi Perjalanan Dinas, Waterfall, Codeigniter, Digitalisasi Pemerintahan

ABSTRACT

This study aims to address the inefficiencies in the manual management of the Surat Perintah Perjalanan Dinas (SPPD) at the Lokpaikat Subdistrict Office, which relies on Microsoft Excel and results in recurring input errors (15–20%), excessive paper consumption of approximately 500 sheets per month, and a 12% annual risk of data loss due to file overwriting. The system was developed using the Waterfall model with UML modeling that includes a use case diagram involving three actors, an activity diagram comprising seven core processes, and a class diagram consisting of five normalized entities (up to 3NF). The application was implemented using the CodeIgniter framework (MVC architecture), MySQL, and XAMPP, while data collection was conducted through observations of 15 manual SPPD cycles and interviews with eight staff members. Black-box testing covered 23 functional scenarios, including master data management, a role-based workflow approval process (staff → subdistrict head → admin), and automated PDF generation for SPT–SPPD documents. The results show that all scenarios were successfully executed (23/23), demonstrating an improvement in processing efficiency from 32 minutes to 1.8 minutes per document (93.4%) and the elimination of input errors and data-loss incidents. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of a role-based workflow with auto-populated document numbering based on the approval chain. Its practical contribution is a scalable SPPD digitalization model that can be adopted by 127 subdistricts across South Kalimantan, offering potential operational cost savings of up to IDR 25 million per year.

Keywords: Invent SPPD; business travel administration; Waterfall model; UML; CodeIgniter; administrative digitalization